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The process that prevents entries and/or changes to a ledger for a specific period is known as closing the books. This procedure is a crucial step in the accounting cycle, performed at the end of an accounting period, whether monthly, quarterly, or annually. Closing the books ensures that no further entries can be made to the financial statements for that period, which is essential for producing accurate and finalized financial reports. Once the books are closed, the financial data for that period is considered complete, and any necessary adjustments must be recorded in the next period.

While ending the fiscal year may involve similar activities, it doesn't specifically refer to the act of preventing changes to the ledger. Entering adjustments is a process that happens before closing the books, allowing for any final modifications to be made. Period reconciliation involves ensuring that the accounts are accurate and match the financial statements or reports but does not itself prevent entries to the ledger. Thus, the focus and definition of closing the books logically align with the action of locking down financial records for a defined period.